万古霉素

中文名称:

万古霉素

中文同义词:

万古霉素;相关CAS:1404-93-9;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,36-(亚氨基甲基)-13,16:31,35-二甲-1H,16H-[1,6,9]恶二氮杂环十六烷[4,5-M][10,2,16]苯并恶二氮杂;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,36-(亚氨基甲基)-13,16:31,35-二甲-1H,16H-[1,6,9]恶二氮杂环十六烷

英文名称:

Vancomycin

英文同义词:

Vancomycin (base and/or unspecified salts);VANCOMYCIN;Vancomycin Base;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38aR)-3-(2-Amino-2-oxoethyl)-44-[[2-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-10,19-dichloro-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38a-tetradecahydro-7,22,28,30,32-pentahydroxy-6-[[(2R)-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopentyl]amino]-2,5,24,38,39-pentaoxo-22H-8,11:18,21-Dietheno-23,36-(iminomethano)-13,16:31,35-dimetheno-1H,16H-[1,6,9]oxadiazacyclohexadecino[4,5-m][10,2,16]benzoxadiazacyclotetracosine-26-carboxylic acid;Vancomycin USP/EP/BP;demethylvancomycin USP/EP/BP

CAS号:

1404-90-6

分子式:

C66H75Cl2N9O24

分子量:

1449.25

EINECS号:

215-772-6

相关类别:

原料药;医药原料;原料;高纯度品质对照品;原料;功能性添加剂化工原料;培养基配套试剂;贝尔卡主打;陕西林奈主打产品

Mol文件:

1404-90-6.mol

密度 

1.2882 (rough estimate)

折射率 

1.7350 (estimate)

酸度系数(pKa)

pKa 2.18±0.08(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain);7.75±0.02(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain);8.89±0.01(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain)

CAS 数据库

1404-90-6(CAS DataBase Reference)

简介

万古霉素是一种糖肽类抗生素，其作用机制是以 高亲和力结合到敏感细菌细胞壁前体肽聚末端的丙 氨酰丙氨酸，阻断构成细菌细胞壁的高分子肽聚糖合 成，导致细胞壁缺损而杀灭细菌。万古霉素用于革兰 阳性菌严重感染，尤其是对其他抗菌药耐药或疗效差 的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠球 菌所致的严重感染有效。

适应症

限用于耐甲氧苯青霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）所致的系统感染和难辨梭状芽脆杆菌所致的肠道感染和系统感染；青霉素过敏者不能采用青霉素类或头孢菌素类，或经上述抗生素治疗无效的严重葡萄球菌感染患者，可选用万古霉素。本品也用于对青霉素过敏者的肠球菌心内膜炎、棒状杆菌属（类白喉杆菌属）心内膜炎的治疗。对青霉素过敏与青霉素不过敏的血液透析患者发生葡萄球菌属所致动、静脉分流感染的治疗。

分离提纯

一种万古霉素菌株及其发酵产万古霉素的方法，包括以下步骤： 1）将万古霉素生产菌株进行液体发酵培养基培养，液体发酵种子培养基 组成为酵母粉3～6g/L，麦芽提取物3～5g/L，蛋白胨10～15g/L，葡萄糖 15～20g/L，pH为6.8；种子培养条件为：28～30℃，装液量40/250mL， 摇床转速150～220rpm，培养24～48h；液体发酵培养基组成为糊精100～150g/L，土豆蛋白15～25g/L，黄豆粉15～25g/L，磷酸氢二钾0.1～0.5g/L，消沫剂1～3g/L，氯化钠1.2～1.6g/L，pH 6.8～7.2，培养条件为28～30℃，装液量40/250mL，摇床转速150～220rpm，培养90～130h，所得溶液为 含净抗生素活性洗脱液； 2）在沉淀容器中沉淀步骤1）中所得的含净抗生素活性洗脱液，得到晶体浆料，并且搅拌该晶体浆料，将PH值连续调节至所需程度，直至完全沉淀，得到晶体沉淀物； 3）将步骤2）得到的晶体沉淀物溶解为水溶液，然后通过阴离子交换树脂将其转为万古霉素。

生物活性

Vancomycin是一种抗生素，用于治疗各种细菌感染。

体外研究

Vancomycin is a large glycopeptide compound with a molecular weight of 1450 Da. Vancomycin is a unique glycopeptide structurally unrelated to any currently available antibiotic. It also has a unique mode of action inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin is active against a large number of species of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Str. agalactiae, Str. bovis, Str. mutans, viridans streptococci, enterococci .

体内研究

Vancomycin is administered intravenously, with a standard infusion time of at least 1 h, to minimize infusion-related adverse effects. Subjects with normal creatinine clearance, vancomycin has an α-distribution phase of 30 min to 1 h and a β-elimination half-life of 6-12 h. The volume of distribution is 0.4–1 L/kg. The binding of vancomycin to protein ranges from 10% to 50%. Factors that affect the overall activity of vancomycin include its tissue distribution, inoculum size, and protein-binding effects. Vancomycin treatment of infected mice is associated with improved clinical, diarrhea, and histopathology scores and survival during treatment.

毒害物质数据

1404-90-6(Hazardous Substances Data)